One of my heroes is Kant, I think Wittgenstein had him in mind when he warned not to try to answer everything in one book, (to put it simply) but Kant opened up for me the idea of the categories and I have found those
invaluable.
I'd also mention symbolic logic which is part of philosophy. Studying logic made me far more aware of the spuriousness of many arguments.
I think philosophy stands at the top of the humanities and informs them all,
and it can be very practical, 'necessary and sufficient' is a philosophical nostrum I learnt that I have always thought a good saying to apply in life.
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