Another term for this sort of device is
semantic rhyme, though that term encompasses mostly conventional rhymes that have some kind of conceptual twist. So just conceptual rhyming would be more or less
semantic rhyme without the rhyme.
A few years ago a Spherean asked "Does it make sense to say that I want their meanings to rhyme?" and that's stuck with me. The poem at hand at that time,
here, had some words that seemed to rhyme semantically & sometimes also sonically:
thistle/bristle, topsoil/crumble, nestle/nest (unstated), etc.
See
here for a really good example of straightforward (joke intentional) semantic/conceptual rhyming. The end "rhymes" are mirrored beginning to end, L2 with L13 (reversals) etc.
Cross-posted with Jayne and Mark.
— Woody